Avid, Averse, Apprehensive, or Apathetic? A typology of collaboration attitudes

As much of nonprofit management research on inter-organizational collaboration has focused various macro and meso aspects collaboration, little is known about micro such as the attitudes individuals involved in collaboration. To contribute to a more holistic multidisciplinary understanding this study draws upon social psychological theories attitude structure attitudinal ambivalence explore variation that leaders have toward opportunities. Based interviews with 20 US-based transnational nonprofits field child welfare, qualitatively identifies four major types opportunities: Avid, Averse, Apprehensive, Apathetic. The then presents several propositions facilitate future program for integration into research. Practical policy managerial implications are also discussed.